Some patients are initially diagnosed in the blast phase in which the symptoms are most likely fever, bone pain and an increase in bone marrow fibrosis. In these patients fevers are most commonly the result of opportunistic infections. Some (<10%) are diagnosed during the accelerated stage which most often presents bleeding, petechiae and ecchymosis. It may also present with mild fever and night sweats due to an elevated basal level of metabolism. The enlarged spleen may put pressure on the stomach causing a loss of appetite and resulting weight loss. It can also present with symptoms indicative of hepatosplenomegaly and the resulting left upper quadrant pain this causes. In these cases, it may be diagnosed incidentally with an elevated white blood cell count on a routine laboratory test. Most patients (~90%) are diagnosed during the chronic stage which is most often asymptomatic. The way CML presents depends on the stage of the disease at diagnosis as it has been known to skip stages in some cases. 5.1.2 Dasatinib, nilotinib, radotinib, bosutinib, and asciminib.In Western countries, CML accounts for 15–25% of all adult leukemias and 14% of leukemias overall (including the pediatric population, where CML is less common). These drugs have revolutionized treatment of this disease and allow most patients to have a good quality of life when compared to the former chemotherapy drugs. It is a type of myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with a characteristic chromosomal translocation called the Philadelphia chromosome.ĬML is largely treated with targeted drugs called tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) which have led to dramatically improved long-term survival rates since 2001. CML is a clonal bone marrow stem cell disorder in which a proliferation of mature granulocytes ( neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils) and their precursors is found. It is a form of leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the blood.
The Philadelphia chromosome as seen by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH).Ĭhronic myelogenous leukemia ( CML), also known as chronic myeloid leukemia, is a cancer of the white blood cells. Medical condition Chronic myelogenous leukemiaĬhronic myeloid leukemia, chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL)
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